Thursday, January 17, 2013

My Conservative Manifesto (MCM): Part 6: Taxation

Taxation

Introduction


In this section, I will touch on some of the types of taxation and the issues involved.

What is Fair, What Isn’t

So, of course there is going to be some debate over what is “fair” in the taxation field – with some of the people saying if you make more you should be taxed at a higher percentage (the “progressive” taxers) and those saying that everybody should pay the same percentage (the flat tax proponents).  To be perfectly clear, I am in the flat tax camp.  I do not believe that someone making more money should be punished because they make more money (nor am I assuming any obligation by those people to pay a higher percentage of their incomes because they have more disposable income).  What you are seeing in today’s world is the lower class getting off completely free (yet getting benefits) and the middle class also not paying their share – thanks to the tax code.

There are things that should not be taxed.  Dividends and investment income are among them.  There should be as little double taxation as possible (preferably none).  A good example of double taxation is the dividend tax.  The dividends come out of corporate profits/earnings that are taxed, then the recipient of the dividend has to pay tax when they receive it.  Keeping this in mind, taxes like the estate and gift taxes are morally reprehensible.  You should be able to transfer your resources (or receive resources) as you see fit without the government taking a cut for itself (provided that the transaction is mutually agreed upon with no coercion).   

It is not fair or equitable to use the tax code as the government’s Robin Hood (stealing from the rich and giving to the poor).  Actually it is a mix between the government’s Robin Hood and Robin Brain (steals from the rich and gives to himself).  The tax code should never be about redistribution of wealth.  If a person earns the money, they are not indebted to their fellow man.  Votes like the tax increase one in Oregon are also unfair.  It isn’t really democracy if you use it to attack certain economic groups. 

Methods of Taxation

The two main forms of taxation I have mentioned are the “progressive” tax and the flat tax.  Of course there are going to be subdivisions.  To help drive the point home I will give some pointless examples.  I guess I should also mention some other things.  There is usage taxation – like a gas tax, those who use the service/good pay for it with an associated tax.  There is also an ability to pay taxation – this is based off of the theory that as income goes up, a person has more personal disposable income (and the government being the insatiable spending beast it is wants as much as possible).  This particular principal of taxation is more than a little socialist. 

Progressive tax:  my least favorite method, based off the insidious ability to pay principal (if you have the money, the government seems to think you should give it to them).  As income level increases, so does tax bracket (of course up to a point) – the percentage of your income the government claims as its own.  The usual example of this is the income tax in the US.  Really the only reason you do this is to shift the burden of funding the government to people less likely to use its services.

Flat tax: called “regressive” by some because apparently they think it taxes the poorer groups more.  This is fairer, everybody paying the same percentage of their income (regardless of income level).  I do not care about “income inequality”, neither should the tax code.  “Income inequality” is a necessary part of capitalism designed to reward those who invest, innovate and take risks.  At least it doesn’t have the punitive success penalty like progressive taxes do.  Examples of this are sales taxes, VAT taxes, and some use taxes. 

The Role of Taxation


The role of taxation is to fund the government (at least the basics).  Unfortunately, restraint is not something congress actively uses when it comes to spending.  The government has lost sight of so many things.  For one they use, vote buying schemes (usually social programs).  The biggest thing they have lost sight of is that it is not their money they are spending.  Therefore, they have to keep looking for ways to get more money.  The role of taxation should not be punitive or redistributive (taxes used to promote income equality).  The point is not to look for all “free cash” (in this case disposable income available) and tax to get everything the government can.  The people are not supposed to be working for the government (outside those who are actively employed by them), the government is supposed to be working for the good of the people.   

Sharing the Burden

Every citizen (at least working one) has a responsibility to help fund the government.  I know the government wastes money and the budget is probably at least double what it should be.  If everyone has a responsibility to fund the government, wouldn’t the most equitable to do so be having everyone pay the same amount (percentage)?  I would say yes.  It is not like the wealthier citizens get more services from the government (though they currently have to pay for them), it is the opposite – with the poorer people seeing benefits at little to no cost to themselves.  The top 1% of US tax payers paid over 40% of the whole income tax bill (at least in 2007 – The Tax Foundation), supposedly that was more than the bottom 95% combined.  Some people say the US has the most progressive taxes of any nation (a OECD study somewhere).     

Tax Reform I Would Like to See

So, what would I like to see done with the tax code and taxation at the federal level in the US?  I want a flat tax where everybody pays the same percentage of their income without any deductions or tax credits (estate taxes eliminated, gift taxes eliminated, and no tax on capital gains, dividends, interest). I also want to see income tax withholding discontinued and people paying their taxes in a quarterly, yearly or monthly basis. 
The current tax codes are unnecessarily complicated.  You should never have to outsource you tax preparation because you don’t understand how to do it.  In other words, the average citizen shouldn’t have to use H&R Block or Turbo tax to file their returns.  Ideally, your taxes would be able to be filled out on a postcard.  Usually I would lean toward the concept of using cash flows, but in this case I am not a fan (especially if there is some kind of capital gains component, without it and double taxation, maybe).  The numbers that I played with in Excel showed that the average tax rate (per household for 1970-2007) was 13.40%, the median rate was 16.89%.  My plan (touched on in the blog posts, Part 3) was for a 15% flat tax.  I also had a 20% flat tax with no deductions, exemptions, non-cash flow expenditure write-offs for businesses.  
 
Original Post Date: 03/17/11

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